Illiberal tendencies are putting pressure on the European project, which is committed to the rule of law, multilateralism and democratic values. Where is Europe's credibility at stake? Where to draw the line between cultural relations and public diplomacy on the one hand and propaganda on the other? How to prevent neo-colonialism? How can Europe defend its liberal democratic values? What policies can be promoted by involving culture in order to capitalise on its transversal role? How can we encourage European governments, which are prone to national cultural self-expression, to draw strength from unity?